QARA WEZ, Iraq April 8 —
Bestoon Mohammad's childhood home is a heap of rubble against a
backdrop of rolling green hills and blood-red poppies.
"Everything is destroyed," said the 19-year-old Kurd, visiting
his village of birth for the first time since 1988, when Saddam
Hussein cleared the area in a campaign to uproot rebellious Kurds
and declared it a military no-man's land. "But the people are coming
back, and life here is beginning again."
Northern Iraq's Kurds, historically oppressed by Baghdad's Arab
rulers, have become partners with the United States in the war to
overthrow Saddam. Kurds and Americans have fought side by side on
several fronts around the autonomous Kurdish region.
Now the Kurds have begun to reap the bounty of that collaboration
in newly captured territory.
With the assistance of U.S. airpower, Kurds have been seizing
large stretches of historically Kurdish land turned into lifeless,
heavily mined no-man's lands by the Baghdad regime 15 years ago.
Baghdad's forces retreated from the areas as coalition warplanes and
missiles began pounding them.
American firepower has also helped the Kurds reclaim a 240-mile
stretch of territory along the Iranian border ruled for years by
Islamic extremists, including Ansar al-Islam, a fundamentalist group
alleged to be tied to al-Qaida.
In the mountain village of Biyare, which Ansar ruled until
American special operations and Kurdish forces swept through the
area, Kurdish "peshmeraga" warriors sang in the streets. Women
walked about without headscarves for the first time in two
years.
"It's a very, very beautiful feeling I have," said Seywan Osman
Rashid, a taxi driver who left Biyare six months after Ansar
arrested him for publicly shaking hands with his sister-in-law a
violation of an extremist interpretation of Islam.
U.S. cruise missiles and aircraft heavily damaged the main mosque
and bazaar of the scenic mountain village, overlooked by snowcapped
mountains and graced by the sound of waterfalls.
"Even if the whole region is destroyed we don't mind," Rashid
said. "If it's a liberated area, we can start to rebuild and invest
again."
Kurdish officials already have begun physically reconnecting lost
areas to the autonomous Kurdish enclave. In Bani Maqem, once the
site of a notorious Iraqi checkpoint and military garrison
overlooking the Kurdish-held city of Chamchamal, officials have
reconnected a damaged and neglected well that will provide drinking
water to 123,000 people.
Americans and Kurds are also using the newly held areas to stage
military operations. The abandoned garrison at Qara Hanjir, in
particular, provides a sweeping view of Kirkuk, the oil-rich city
Kurds covet as the future capital of a semi-autonomous state within
Iraq.
In a meadow near the Baghdad-controlled city of Khaneqin, a
peshmerga doubling as a beekeeper watches the back of a team of
special operations troops on a nearby hill. In the no-man's land
near Kirkuk, the Americans have taken over a hotel-turned-Iraqi army
command post, crossing out Saddam's portraits with red spray
paint.
The area around Qara Hanjir is breathtaking in its beauty. Before
Saddam declared it a military area, travelers used to rest here on
their way from Sulaymaniyah to Kirkuk or Baghdad. Barham Salih,
co-prime minister of the Kurdish autonomous area, recalled stopping
at Qara Hanjir on trips with his father.
"It had the best yogurt, especially in the spring," he said. "I
remember Qara Hanjir being a vibrant community with all kinds of
small teahouses and kabob houses."
The Kurds' captured lands are not without perils. Iraqis continue
to shell military positions they have abandoned, including Qara
Hanjir. On Monday, Iraqi mortars could be heard landing in and
around the town of Laylan, one of many sparsely populated
agricultural villages tucked in the soft folds of the hilly no-man's
land.
The newly taken lands are heavily mined. An Iranian cameraman was
killed last week by a mine in a newly taken area just south of the
Kurdish enclave.
The Mine Advisory Group, an independent nongovernmental
organization, said it had cleared over 1,000 mines in just three
days in the area around Bani Maqem. Mike Parker, director of the
organization, said his group also found hundreds of mines and booby
traps around a school and hospital near Biyare.
Snoor Tofiq, supervising a team of mine clearers near the former
front line between Iraqi and Kurdish positions, recited a laundry
list of Italian antitank mines, Russian antipersonnel mines and
unexploded ordnance he found.
Then he burst out in exasperation: "This area used to be so
beautiful. Saddam Hussein didn't leave a single thing behind. He
even cut down all the trees."
photo credit
and caption:
Kurdish peshmerga fighters take
part in a traditional halparki dance in Qadir Karam, an area
recently abandoned by Iraqi forces, southeast of Kirkuk,
Monday, April 7, 2003. (AP PHOTO/Kevin
Frayer)
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